Moreover, internal stresses such as choice of materials and design (additives, morphology and compatibility of materials) can drive degradation of PV modules as well. The failure data collection started already in 1980s and is still ongoing.
The insulation degradation in polymeric backsheets has been identified as a main cause of catastrophic accidents induced by short circuit or ground faults in photovoltaic module. To ensure quality, the photovoltaic industry is therefore faced with urgent demand in discovering degradation mechanisms.
Salt spray exposure will accelerate the potential-induced degradation (PID) phenomenon in PV modules . The combined effects of salt-mist stress and high-voltage loading are easy to cause PID. However, the mechanism of salt-mist stress accelerating PID effect still needs to be further understood.
Moisture and salt-mist may cause delamination of the packaging materials, which provides a pathway for further corrosion of the metal within the solar module. Moreover, it also reduces the insulation properties of the PV module and eventually accelerates the degradation.
This review article examines the current state of understanding in how metal halide perovskite solar cells can degrade when exposed to moisture, oxygen, heat, light, mechanical stress, and reverse bias.
Electrical-induced degradation is also an important factor that affects PV backsheet easily during the operation of PV system. Since 2011, the influence of electrical-induced degradation on the performance of PV backsheet has received considerable attention, which provides significant theories and methods for subsequent research.