Working Principle: The solar cell working principle involves converting light energy into electrical energy by separating light-induced charge carriers within a semiconductor. Role of Semiconductors: Semiconductors like silicon are crucial because their properties can be modified to create free electrons or holes that carry electric current.
The whole arrangement is kept inside a thin glass to avoid mechanical shock. The working of solar cell is based on photovoltaic effect. It is a effect in which current or voltage is generated when exposed to light. Through this effect solar cells convert sunlight into electrical energy.
A solar cell (also known as a photovoltaic cell or PV cell) is defined as an electrical device that converts light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. A solar cell is basically a p-n junction diode.
The working of solar cell is based on photovoltaic effect. It is a effect in which current or voltage is generated when exposed to light. Through this effect solar cells convert sunlight into electrical energy. A depletion layer is formed at the junction of the N type and P type semiconductor material.
They use semiconductors as light absorbers. When the sunlight is absorbed, the energy of some electrons in the semiconductor increases. A combination of p-doped and n-doped semiconductors is typically used to drive these high-energy electrons out of the solar cell, where they can deliver electrical work before reentering the cell with less energy.
In a module, typically 60 or 72 wafer-Si solar cells are connected in series, so current matching among the cells is critical to minimize mismatch losses. The cells, front glass sheet, and backsheet are laminated together with a thermoplastic material, commonly EVA. The edges of the laminated piece are then sealed with an Al frame.