Through alloying, Mg and Al metals could potentially be utilized as metal anode in future batteries 5, 6. Intercalation of Zn into the cathode material α-manganese dioxide (α-MnO 2) and of Ca into titanium disulfide (TiS 2) have also marked important milestones on the way to rechargeable metal batteries containing multivalent metals as anodes 7, 8.
Rechargeable metal batteries are an attractive class of next-generation batteries thanks to the high abundance of most of the metals involved, and to their high capacity and energy density compared to insertion-type anodes.
While several reviews have addressed specific aspects of Ni–Fe batteries, a comprehensive review focusing on iron-based anode materials for alkaline rechargeable Ni–Fe batteries is scarce, making this review both timely and valuable.
Compared to conventional batteries that contain insertion anodes, next-generation rechargeable batteries with metal anodes can yield more favourable energy densities, thanks to their high specific capacities and low electrode potentials. In this Review, we cover recent progress in metal anodes for rechargeable batteries.
Metal-cathode battery is a novel battery system where low-cost, abundant metals with high electrode potential can be used as the positive electrode material. Recent progresses with emphases on the cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator of the batteries are summarized and future research directions are proposed in this review paper.
As a transition metal, Ni provides high energy capacity, along with high conductivity and energy density, which improves the quality of the lithium-ion battery performance (Nuhu et al., 2023). The global Ni consumption was led by other Ni-based products, such as stainless steels, alloys, plating, and batteries.