A typical lead–acid battery contains a mixture with varying concentrations of water and acid. Sulfuric acid has a higher density than water, which causes the acid formed at the plates during charging to flow downward and collect at the bottom of the battery.
The lead–acid battery is a type of rechargeable battery first invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté. It is the first type of rechargeable battery ever created. Compared to modern rechargeable batteries, lead–acid batteries have relatively low energy density. Despite this, they are able to supply high surge currents.
The voltage of a cell in a lead acid battery is 2 volts, whereas the voltage of a LiFePO4 cell is a nominal 3.2 volts. A process that equalizes the voltages and capacities of the cells in a battery pack to improve the performance and longevity of the pack.
According to a 2003 report entitled "Getting the Lead Out", by Environmental Defense and the Ecology Center of Ann Arbor, Michigan, the batteries of vehicles on the road contained an estimated 2,600,000 metric tons (2,600,000 long tons; 2,900,000 short tons) of lead. Some lead compounds are extremely toxic.
Sulfation prevention remains the best course of action, by periodically fully charging the lead–acid batteries. A typical lead–acid battery contains a mixture with varying concentrations of water and acid.
A Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) battery is a sealed lead-acid battery with a built-in pressure relief valve. The valve allows the battery to release excess gas pressure, which may build up during charging, and prevents overpressure-related damage. VRLA batteries include AGM and gel batteries.
OverviewHistoryElectrochemistryMeasuring the charge levelVoltages for common usageConstructionApplicationsCycles
The lead–acid battery is a type of rechargeable battery first invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté. It is the first type of rechargeable battery ever created. Compared to modern rechargeable batteries, lead–acid batteries have relatively low energy density. Despite this, they are able to supply high surge currents. These features, along with their low cost, make them attractive for u…