To date, several energy storage systems, including hydroelectric power, capacitors, compressed air energy storage, flywheels, and electric batteries, have been investigated as enablers of the power grid [4, 5, 6, 7, 8].
In the electrical energy transformation process, the grid-level energy storage system plays an essential role in balancing power generation and utilization. Batteries have considerable potential for application to grid-level energy storage systems because of their rapid response, modularization, and flexible installation.
The energy storage system applications are classified into two major categories: applications in power grids with and without RE systems and applications in detached electrification support. This section presents an extensive discussion of the applications of various ESS.
The collection of all the methods and systems utilized for storing electricity in a larger quantity associated with the grid system is called Grid Energy Storage or large-scale energy storage (Mohamad et al., 2018). PHS (Pumped hydro storage) is the bulk mechanism of energy storage capacity sharing almost 96% of the global amplitude.
In the quest for a resilient and efficient power grid, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have emerged as a transformative solution. This technical article explores the diverse applications of BESS within the grid, highlighting the critical technical considerations that enable these systems to enhance overall grid performance and reliability.
Among various energy storage technologies, LIBs have the potential to become a key component in achieving energy sustainability at the grid scale because of their high energy density, high EE, and long cycle life. In this perspective, the characteristics of LIBs for applications to grid-level energy storage systems are discussed.