Summarized below are some of the key technical terms used in battery specifications: Nominal Voltage (V) This is the reference voltage of the battery, also sometimes thought of as the “normal” voltage of the battery. Cut-off Voltage (V) This is the minimum allowable voltage of a battery.
The battery remains on standby most of the time, only discharging during power outages. State of Charge (SoC) is a term used to describe the current charge level of a battery relative to its total capacity, expressed as a percentage. It helps to determine the available energy left in a battery during its discharge cycle.
Energy or Nominal Energy (Wh for a specific C rate) This is the “energy capacity” of the battery, the total Watt-hours available when the battery is discharged at a certain discharge current (specified as a C-rate) from 100 percent state-of-charge to the cut-off voltage.
It is this voltage that generally defines the “empty” state of the battery. Capacity or Nominal Capacity (AH for a specific C rate) This is the total Amp-hours available when the battery is discharged at a certain discharge current (specified as a C-rate) from 100 percent state-of-charge to the cut-off voltage.
C is a term used to describe a battery’s discharge rate or charging current, often represented as a multiple of the battery’s capacity (e.g., 1C, 2C, 5C). Calendar life refers to the total lifespan of a battery, considering factors such as aging and environmental exposure.
A cell refers to the basic unit of a battery. It consists of electrodes, an electrolyte, and a separator. Multiple cells can be connected to form a higher voltage or capacity battery. Part 3. Battery performance metrics Several vital metrics are crucial for evaluating battery performance: Capacity