Battery management system (BMS) is technology dedicated to the oversight of a battery pack, which is an assembly of battery cells, electrically organized in a row x column matrix configuration to enable delivery of targeted range of voltage and current for a duration of time against expected load scenarios.
Let’s take a closer look at the key components that make up a BMS. 1. Battery Monitoring Unit (BMU): The BMU is responsible for monitoring various parameters of the battery, such as voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge. It collects data from different sensors and sends it to the central control unit for analysis.
A centralized BMS is a common type used in larger battery systems such as electric vehicles or grid energy storage. It consists of a single control unit that monitors and controls all the batteries within the system. This allows for efficient management and optimization of battery performance, ensuring equal charging and discharging among cells. 2.
One key importance of BMS is its ability to monitor the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of batteries. By accurately measuring these parameters, BMS can provide real-time data on the battery’s capacity and overall condition. This information allows users to plan their activities accordingly and avoid unexpected power failures.
2. Distributed BMS: In contrast to centralized systems, distributed BMS involves multiple smaller control units connected to individual battery modules or cells. Each unit has its own monitoring capabilities, providing localized control and enhancing fault detection accuracy.
Battery thermal management system must ensure the safety of battery cells by maintaining uniformity among cells. Recently, a phase changing materials is embedded with the liquid refrigerating plate to enhance the performance of battery cells .