Typical parameters for a Lead Acid Car Battery include a specific energy range of 33–42 Wh/kg and an energy density of 60–110 Wh/L. The specific power of these batteries is around 180 W/kg, and their charge/discharge efficiency varies from 50% to 95%.
Conventional vehicles typically rely on Lead Acid Car Battery due to their high power output and affordability. These batteries use water-based electrolytes and have individual cell voltages that are relatively low. While they offer proven safety, lead-acid batteries have a lower specific energy compared to lithium-ion types.
The lead–acid battery standardization technology committee is mainly responsible for the National standards of lead–acid batteries in different applications (GB series). It also includes all of lead–acid battery standardization, accessory standards, related equipment standards, Safety standards and environmental standards. 19.1.14.
Standardization for lead–acid batteries for automotive applications is organized by different standardization bodies on different levels. Individual regions are using their own set of documents. The main documents of different regions are presented and the procedures to publish new documents are explained.
This guide to IEC/EN standards aims to increase the awareness, understanding and use of valve regulated lead-acid batteries for stationary applications and to provide the ‘user’ with guidance in the preparation of a Purchasing Specification.
The 1970s saw the development of valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries. Lead-acid car batteries are known for their high discharge rate, making them ideal starter batteries for automobiles. They are typically aqueous or unsealed, requiring low maintenance, with some variants like VRLA (valve-regulated lead-acid) batteries.