When planning the industrial and commercial user-side energy storage (ICUS-ES) system, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the economy and environment of the system. Thus, it can ensure that the planning results of industrial and commercial user-side energy storage are more in line with the actual situation.
In the industrial and commercial user-side energy storage planning and operation simulation, the analysis will be based on the IEEE 30-node system, as shown in Figure 1. The electrical load on the industrial and commercial user side will also change with time. User load can be divided according to seasonal changes.
For the planning of the energy storage system on the user side, the main problems are: Li D et al. [ 9] consider the annual comprehensive cost of installing the energy storage system and the daily electricity charge of users and establish a two-level optimization model.
Industrial and commercial users consume large amounts of electricity and have high requirements for a stable power supply. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage industrial and commercial users to arrange energy storage, and how to make reasonable planning is the main problem.
However, industrial and commercial users consume a large amount of electricity and have high requirements for energy quality; therefore, it is necessary to configure distributed energy storage. Based on this, a planning model of industrial and commercial user-side energy storage considering uncertainty and multi-market joint operation is proposed.
In , the economic value of user side energy storage is considered in reducing the construction of user distribution stations and the cost of power failure losses. In , the benefits and life cycle costs are considered brought by price arbitrage, demand management and energy storage life cycle of industrial users.