The grid-connected PV system with battery storage enables efficient solar energy utilisation, enhances stability, provides backup power during outages, and promotes cost savings for consumers and grid operators.
Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are becoming increasingly popular due to their low carbon footprint, reduced energy costs, and improved energy security. However, integrating solar PV into the grid network presents several challenges.
Particularly at high PV penetration levels, PV systems should maintain grid connectivity through reactive power injection in reaction to voltage faults to prevent instigating extreme incidents, such as blackouts. To further reduce the cost of energy, it is necessary to enhance both dependability and efficiency.
The different solar PV configurations, international/ national standards and grid codes for grid connected solar PV systems have been highlighted. The state-of-the-art features of multi-functional grid-connected solar PV inverters for increased penetration of solar PV power are examined.
Investigating the synergistic effects of demand response and energy storage systems can provide valuable insights into optimizing the integration of solar PV systems into the grid, addressing the challenges associated with voltage fluctuations, power imbalances, and grid stability.
Grid-interactive solar PV inverters must satisfy the technical requirements of PV energy penetration posed by various country's rules and guidelines. Grid-connected PV systems enable consumers to contribute unused or excess electricity to the utility grid while using less power from the grid.