At present, the common flame retardants for batteries are mainly fluorine- and phosphorus-containing substances. Such flame retardants may have an impact on the environment during the preparation and processing.
In addition to the flame retardant transformation of the battery itself, battery flame retardant can also be achieved by adding protection device outside the battery, such as wrapping a flame retardant shell outside the battery or installing an automatic fire extinguishing device, etc.
One of the fundamental approaches to enhance the thermal stability of battery pack components is by using suitable additives/reinforcements and by diminishing propagation of flame through proper integration of efficient flame retardant or by the insertion of flame retardant/heat transfer resistant materials inserted between the modules [52, 54].
According to the provisions of safety standard for non-metallic materials in UL 2580 safety standard, the minimum flame retardant grade of the plastics used in battery pack shell materials should be V-1 in UL 94 standards test.
New battery flame retardant technologies and their flame retardant mechanisms are introduced. As one of the most popular research directions, the application safety of battery technology has attracted more and more attention, researchers in academia and industry are making efforts to develop safer flame retardant battery.
For battery flame retardant separators, in addition to various silicate minerals, metal oxides are also a good choice.