Compared with other secondary power supplies, lead acid battery (LABs) with high safety and good stability is a widely used secondary power supply. In particular, spent lead-acid batteries have incomparable advantages in resource recovery and utilization compared with other types of batteries.
The lead–acid battery is a type of rechargeable battery first invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté. It is the first type of rechargeable battery ever created. Compared to modern rechargeable batteries, lead–acid batteries have relatively low energy density. Despite this, they are able to supply high surge currents.
Herein, we first obtained the recycled lead oxide powder from lead paste from spent lead-acid batteries, which used as negative electrode active material of new batteries, then we prepared a new type of composite by microwave and used the composites as active material additive of recycled lead oxide powder.
Lead oxide to obtained from lead paste of overall electrical performance is still not satisfactory compared with ball milled lead powder, because the recovered lead powder does not contain pure lead which is often critical to the performance of the resulting battery.
Although lead acid batteries are an ancient energy storage technology, they will remain essential for the global rechargeable batteries markets, possessing advantages in cost-effectiveness and recycling ability.
Lead-acid systems dominate the global market owing to simple technology, easy fabrication, availability, and mature recycling processes. However, the sulfation of negative lead electrodes in lead-acid batteries limits its performance to less than 1000 cycles in heavy-duty applications.