The current low level performance of air cathodes is the major challenge hindering commercial applications of Li–air batteries. In the past decade, a great many cathode materials, structures and fabrication processes have been developed and investigated with the goal of enhancing cathode performance.
Rechargeable lithium air (Li–air) batteries, especially the non-aqueous type, are considered the most promising energy storage and conversion device candidates for use in future electric vehicle applications due to their ultrahigh energy density.
Therefore, porous carbon composites exhibit excellent performance as electrode materials for lithium ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, and lithium–oxygen batteries. In this review, we summarize research progress on porous carbon composites with enhanced performance for rechargeable lithium batteries.
Sun, B., Wang, B., Su, D., et al.: Graphene nanosheets as cathode catalysts for lithium–air batteries with an enhanced electrochemical performance. Carbon 50, 727–733 (2012)
Graphite-based materials as anodes for fast charging LIBs Graphite is the oldest and one of the most common anode materials for LIBs with a theoretical capacity of 372 mAh g −1. Graphite has a 3D crystal structure with layers composed of sp 2 hybridized carbon .
To improve the electrochemical reactions of lithium–air batteries (LABs), Song et al. [ 20] designed and synthesized a carbon nanofiber@mesoporous carbon (CNF@mesoCs) core–shell composite catalyst to optimize the advantages and characteristics of two individual carbon materials.