In this paper, we design and analyze the protocol of a control unit that operates and regulates the battery charge in electric vehicles to obtain optimum performance. The so-designed system enhances the battery charge process and protects the main battery from capacity reduction, thus enlarging the driving range of the electric vehicle.
The vehicle’s internal battery pack is charged under the control of the battery management system (BMS). The majority of EV manufacturers currently use conductive charging. Fig. 14. A schematic layout of onboard and off-board EV charging systems (Rajendran et al., 2021a). 3.2.2. Wireless charging
The proposed control system represents an innovation in the area of battery electric vehicle power management with a dual battery block, contributing to optimizing the performance of the power battery. As a result, the driving range of an electric vehicle can be increased because of a more effective use of the available energy.
These issues have been addressed by many research projects that have suggested various EV charging control approaches (Al-Ogaili et al., 2019). Thus, battery chargers are essential to assess the durability and effectiveness of recent industrial batteries in order to meet the needs of the battery's charging.
The charging of high- and low-voltage batteries in an electric vehicle depends on the car’s manufacturer. In conventional cars with an internal combustion engine (ICE), an electric generator produces a continuous current to charge the lead-acid battery. In electric vehicles, the high-voltage battery is charged directly from the grid.
The charging process optimizes the energy transfer to the auxiliary battery while the vehicle runs, depending on driving conditions. To achieve this goal, the charging control system equips specific software that selects when the main battery charges the auxiliary one to avoid an excessive discharge rate while powering the vehicle.