Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation is the process of converting energy from the sun into electricity using solar panels. Solar panels, also called PV panels, are combined into arrays in a PV system. PV systems can also be installed in grid-connected or off-grid (stand-alone) configurations.
Highlights This paper reviews the progress made in solar power generation by PV technology. Performance of solar PV array is strongly dependent on operating conditions. Manufacturing cost of solar power is still high as compared to conventional power. Abstract
The majority of photovoltaic power generation applications are remote, off-grid applications. These include communication satellites, terrestrial communication sites, remote homes and villages, and water pumps. These are sometimes hybrid systems that include an engine-driven generator to charge batteries when solar power is insufficient.
A solar photovoltaic, wind turbine and fuel cell hybrid generation system is able to supply continuous power to load. In this system, the fuel cell is used to suppress fluctuations of the photovoltaic and wind turbine output power. The photovoltaic and wind turbines are controlled to track the maximum power point at all operating conditions.
Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaic (PV), or indirectly using concentrated solar power (CSP). The research has been underway since very beginning for the development of an affordable, in-exhaustive and clean solar energy technology for longer term benefits.
Photovoltaic power generation has been most useful in remote applications with small power requirements where the cost of running distribution lines was not feasible. As PV power becomes more affordable, the use of photovoltaics for grid-connected applications is increasing.