The objective of this research is to identify the temperature effect on the solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation and explore the ways to minimize the temperature effect. The photovoltaic (PV) cells suffer efficiency drop as their operating temperature increases especially under high insolation levels and cooling is beneficial.
Considering from the perspective of light, the increase in temperature is beneficial to PV power generation, because it will increase the free electron–hole pairs (i.e., carriers) generated by the PV effect in the cell to a certain extent . However, excessively high temperature cannot increase the final output of the SC.
The temperature of lake is higher (1.6 °C) than land, and the photovoltaic power generation is the same as the characteristic of the temperature (798 kW h). There is a non-linear relationship between air temperature, solar radiation and photovoltaic power generation.
The air temperature 15 °C is a critical point. When the temperature is lower than 15 °C, the power generation is more sensitive to changes in solar radiation. In addition, it is difficult to deploy photovoltaic power stations on land and lakes in the same area due to factors such as terrain and altitude.
... The efficiency PV module system depends on air temperature and thus solar panel temperature is usually between 15°C to 35 °C. When at the lower temperatures, the power of the PV module system increase, while at the higher temperature it will lose efficiency per degree over 25°C , . ...
After observing the above system it has been identified that, when the PV modules temperature decreases the overall efficiency of the PV panel output power increases. From the gathered data, a suitable photovoltaic thermal system (automated active cooling) is designed with Arduino UNO board for solar panels.