This article reviews various internal heating methodologies developed in recent years for Li-ion batteries, including mutual pulse current heating, alternating current (ac) heating, compound heating, and all-climate-battery (ACB)-based heating.
For the heat transfer, an indirect liquid heating method with variations in flow rate was considered between Lithium-ion batteries. The battery and cabin heating rate was analyzed using the induction heater powers of 2, 4, and 6 kW at ambient temperatures of −20, −10, and 0 • C.
An optimal internal-heating strategy for lithium-ion batteries at low temperature considering both heating time and lifetime reduction. Appl. Energy. 256, 113797 (2019) Qu, Z.G., Jiang, Z.Y., Wang, Q.: Experimental study on pulse self–heating of lithium–ion battery at low temperature. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 135, 696–705 (2019)
The heating power is studied for different BPC parameters. A novel non-destructive BPC heating method is developed. Low temperatures seriously affect the performance of lithium-ion batteries. This study proposes a non-destructive low-temperature bidirectional pulse current (BPC) heating method.
For the embedded heating elements, Wang et al. embedded nickel foil inside the battery and utilized the heat generated by the nickel foil to heat the battery. Although this method can heat the battery from −20 °C to 0 °C in 20 s, it requires a redesign of the battery structure and the effect on battery safety is not clear.
The effects of different time durations are also examined. The results show that the proposed battery heating strategy can heat the tested battery from -20 °C to above 0 °C in less than 5 minutes without incurring negative impact on battery health and a small current duration is beneficial to reducing the heating time.