Solar module lamination is a procedure that involves the placement of solar cells between layers of material with the intention of not only providing protection but also weather resistance to the module. However, this is of utmost importance because it protect the components from the environment, like moisture, dust, and contact stress.
The lamination of PV modules is most frequently carried out using a vacuum-membrane laminator with a single heating plate (Fig. 5) and a typical process based on three main steps .
A photovoltaic module laminator is a machine that is used to make solar panels. This machine uses heat and pressure to stick different layers of the photovoltaic module together. The laminator makes sure that the solar cells are sealed within the protective layers of the solar module, creating a strong bond.
Typical temperature-pressure (T - p) temporal profile used in a standard lamination process of solar modules containing EVA as encapsulant material. Three main processing steps are illustrated: (1) preheating, (2) curing, and (3) cooling (optional) 5.
Electrical specification mentioned are at standard test conditions of 100m W/sq.cm.AM 1.5 and at 25degree centigrade cell temperature and are within normal production tolerance of +3%. Due to continuous process innovation, the module supplied may differ from specified above.
Finishing: after the lamination, polymer material in excess is removed from the edges (trimming), an anodized aluminium frame is applied to the edges of framed modules (framing), and the electrical terminations of the modules are soldered to a junction box. Modules in a glass/foil structure are usually framed.