Bai’s sodium-based batteries deliberately move away from lithium and other rare elements used in traditional batteries. Sodium, a more abundant and easier-to-process material, promises lower production costs and alleviated supply chain vulnerabilities, fostering a more sustainable and economically efficient energy landscape.
In this review, we focus on applications of sodium vanadium oxides (NVO) in electrical energy storage (EES) devices and summarize sodium vanadate materials from three aspects, including crystal structure, electrochemical performance, and energy storage mechanism.
Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have been regarded as one of the alternatives to lithium ion batteries owing to their wide availability and significantly low cost of sodium sources. However, they face serious challenges of low energy & power density and short cycling lifespan owing to the heavy mass and large radius of Na +.
Among them, sodium vanadium oxides (NVOs) possess the advantages of the simple preparation process, low cost, good structural stability, and the variable valence of vanadium (from +5 to +2).
Among these options, vanadium-incorporated cathodes, which are naturally abundant and low cost, possess high theoretical capacities, energy densities, and operating voltages. Similar to sodium, vanadium is also abundant in the Earth’s upper continental crust.
Sodium-based batteries also may offer enhanced fast-charging capabilities and improved operation in cold environments, expanding their potential application in large-scale energy storage and portable electronics, including electric vehicles. Read more on the McKelvey Engineering website.