In addition, the pre-intercalated water strategy significantly improved the diffusion properties of H and Zn. This study shows that layered CrO 2 · n H 2 O is a promising cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries, and also provides theoretical guidance for the development of high-performance cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries.
Conclusions and future outlook Plenty of investigations show that rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (RZIBs) are one of the most promising energy storage systems to replace lithium-ion batteries. The charge storage mechanism of RZIBs is established on the migration of Zn 2+ ions between cathode and anode materials.
The layered δ -MnO 2 NDs are reported as the cathode for zinc-ion batteries/hybrid capacitors for the first time. The δ -MnO 2 NDs exhibit enhanced electrochemical performance compared to the C-MnO 2. Diffusion coefficient and charge contribution ratio elucidate kinetic behaviors.
Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) are, especially, practically promising for grid-scale energy storage because of abundant Zn, low cost, high ionic conductivity and reduced safety risks. The use of Zn electrodes in batteries is not new.
Rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (RZIB) present an interesting alternative to rechargeable Li-ion batteries. Among the active materials, layered vanadium-based oxides show a poor cell voltage but modifying this structure by attaching a phosphate group to the vanadium redox center can drastically enhance the cathode voltage.
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are considered potential large-scale energy storage systems due to their low cost, environmentally friendly nature, and high safety. However, the development of high energy density cathode materials and uncertain reaction mechanisms remains a major challenge.