Battery power has been around for a long time. The risks inherent in the production, storage, use and disposal of batteries are not new. However, the way we use batteries is rapidly evolving, which brings these risks into sharp focus.
Where the battery is damaged, it can overheat and catch fire without warning. Batteries should be checked regularly for any signs of damage and any damaged batteries should not be used. The incorrect disposal of batteries – for example, in household waste – can lead to batteries being punctured or crushed.
If the voltage of any battery cell cannot be effectively monitored by the management system, there will be risks of its overcharging. Since excess energy is stored into the battery, overcharging is very dangerous. Typically, all batteries are first charged to a specific SOC, but some batteries initially have higher SOC before charging.
An overview of battery safety issues. Battery accidents, disasters, defects, and poor control systems (a) lead to mechanical, thermal abuse and/or electrical abuse (b, c), which can trigger side reactions in battery materials (d).
The external environment (which controls the temperature, voltage, and electrochemical reactions) is the leading cause of internal disturbances in batteries . Thus, the environment in which the battery operates also plays a significant role in battery safety.
However, despite the glow of opportunity, it is important that the safety risks posed by batteries are effectively managed. Battery power has been around for a long time. The risks inherent in the production, storage, use and disposal of batteries are not new.