The energy storage charging pile achieved energy storage benefits through charging during off-peak periods and discharging during peak periods, with benefits ranging from 699.94 to 2284.23 yuan (see Table 6), which verifies the effectiveness of the method described in this paper.
Based Eq. , to reduce the charging cost for users and charging piles, an effective charging and discharging load scheduling strategy is implemented by setting the charging and discharging power range for energy storage charging piles during different time periods based on peak and off-peak electricity prices in a certain region.
With the continual progress of charging technology, the overall charging power of public charging piles has steadily increased. In the past three years, the average power of public DC charging piles has exceeded 100 kW to meet the requirements of long range and short charging duration of electric vehicles.
The number of charging piles is decided based on the number of electric bus charging at the same time. ESS capacity and maximum exchange power are decided according to the maximum amount of ESS energy and exchange power in a day. These three parts compose the planning scheme of the electric bus system.
The service life of PV, ESS, charging pile, transformer, and other equipment is 15 years. The land cost of charging piles for 15 years is 524.2 $/m 2. The charging pile of a single electric bus covers an area of 40 m 2. As the output of PV is related to conditions such as illumination, the output of PV will be different in a year.
The charging power of a single charging pile is 350 kW. The installation and purchase cost of a single charging pile is $34,948.2. The service life of PV, ESS, charging pile, transformer, and other equipment is 15 years. The land cost of charging piles for 15 years is 524.2 $/m 2. The charging pile of a single electric bus covers an area of 40 m 2.