Despite the continuing use of lithium-ion batteries in billions of personal devices in the world, the energy sector now accounts for over 90% of annual lithium-ion battery demand. This is up from 50% for the energy sector in 2016, when the total lithium-ion battery market was 10-times smaller.
The global lithium-ion battery market size was estimated at USD 54.4 billion in 2023 and is projected to register a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20.3% from 2024 to 2030. Automotive sector is expected to witness significant growth owing to the low cost of lithium-ion batteries.
Further innovation in battery chemistries and manufacturing is projected to reduce global average lithium-ion battery costs by a further 40% from 2023 to 2030 and bring sodium‑ion batteries to the market. In the NZE Scenario, lithium-ion chemistries continue providing the vast majority of EV batteries to 2030.
In 2023, IEA’s report showed that battery demand for lithium reached around 140 kt, accounting for 85% of total lithium demand, while cobalt demand for batteries rose by 15% to 150 kt, representing 70% of the total demand. Battery demand for nickel also surged to nearly 370 kt, up almost 30% from 2022.
Their potential is, however, yet to be reached. It is projected that between 2022 and 2030, the global demand for lithium-ion batteries will increase almost seven-fold, reaching 4.7 terawatt-hours in 2030.
Rising demand for substitutes, including sodium nickel chloride batteries, lithium-air flow batteries, lead acid batteries, and solid-state batteries, in electric vehicles, energy storage, and consumer electronics is expected to restrain the growth of the lithium-ion battery industry over the forecast period.
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