Energy storage systems (ESSs) required for electric vehicles (EVs) face a wide variety of challenges in terms of cost, safety, size and overall management. This paper discusses ESS technologies on the basis of the method of energy storage.
The important attributes of vehicular energy storage ]. Most common options are batteries and ultracapacitors. Ultracapacitors have a high power density whereas batteries have high energy density. In an electric systems giving rise of hybrid electric vehicles. ].
Electric vehicles in sustainable transportation solutions are essential, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting environmental stewardship. With advancements in technology and infrastructure, the prospects of electric vehicles are bright.
energy storage system in EVs. They are used in the combina- tion of batteries and Fuel cells in Hybrid electric vehicles. The both components [ 2 ]. the electrode, and d is the distance between electrodes. proportional to the distance between the plates. Hence increas- energy stored. Research for the development of ultracapacitors
The adoption of EVs presents an opportunity for demand response and smart grid technologies to manage and optimize energy supply. Emerging experimental research highlights the potential of using electric vehicles as dispersed energy resources that can store and feed energy back into the grid during peak-demand periods [, , , ].
According to Chan (1999), an energy and environment issue have led to the development of EVs where the integration of automobile and electrical engineering is done to achieve high-performance electric vehicle. In the future, EVs are going to play an important role in road transportation, and they may also assist in reducing environmental pollution.