We have taken a look at the main characteristics of the different electricity storage techniques and their field of application (permanent or portable, long- or short-term storage, maximum power required, etc.). These characteristics will serve to make comparisons in order to determine the most appropriate technique for each type of application.
Pumped Storage Power Plant. A pumped storage power plant (PSPP) is a type of mechanical ESS where potential energy is stored (during periods of excess energy) by pumping water from a lower basin to an upper basin (when water flows back into the lower basin, under the influence of gravity, a turbine is driven to generate energy).
With energy storage, the plant can provide CO2 continuously while allowing the power to be provided to the grid when needed. In short, energy storage can have a significant impact on the unit’s competitiveness.
Electrochemical, mechanical, electrical, and hybrid systems are commonly used as energy storage systems for renewable energy sources . In , an overview of ESS technologies is provided with respect to their suitability for wind power plants. ... ...
Energy storage is a slow process that subsequently must quickly release energy on demand. The power output, or discharge, can be a limiting factor called the power transmission rate. This delivery rate determines the time needed to extract the stored energy.
The electrical efficiency coefficient of an energy storage plant is defined as the ratio of the output power during the discharge process to the power expended during the charging process, $$ {\upeta }_ {\mathrm {el}}=\frac { {W}_ {\mathrm {out}}} { {W}_ {\mathrm {in}}},$$