Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. The state estimation technology of lithium-ion batteries is one of the core functions elements of the battery management system (BMS), and it is an academic hotspot related to the functionality and safety of the battery for electric vehicles.
Conclusions State estimation is one of the most basic functions of BMS. Accurate state estimation can prolong the battery life and improve battery safety. This paper comprehensively reviews the research status, technical challenges, and development direction of typical battery state estimation (SOC, SOH, SOE, and SOP).
Battery state estimation approaches were introduced from the perspectives of remaining capacity and energy estimation, power capability prediction, lifespan and health prognoses and other important indicators relating to battery equalization and thermal management.
With the development of electrochemical models and advanced state estimation methods, future battery health state estimation methods will be more applied in online applications and more integrated with battery management strategies. 4.6. Advanced BMS architecture with 5G
The basic theory and application methods of battery system modeling and state estimation are reviewed systematically. The most commonly used battery models including the physics-based electrochemical models, the integral and fractional-order equivalent circuit models, and the data-driven models are compared and discussed.
Battery state estimation methods are reviewed and discussed. Future research challenges and outlooks are disclosed. Battery management scheme based on big data and cloud computing is proposed. With the rapid development of new energy electric vehicles and smart grids, the demand for batteries is increasing.