Among all the available technologies, laser irradiation stands out because of its advantage of rapid, selective, and programmable materials processing at low thermal budgets. Here, the recent efforts on regulating energy storage and conversion materials using laser irradiation are comprehensively summarized.
Energy storage plays a crucial role in enabling the integration of renewable energy sources, managing grid stability, and ensuring a reliable and efficient energy supply. However, there are several challenges associated with energy storage technologies that need to be addressed for widespread adoption and improved performance.
It is important to compare the capacity, storage and discharge times, maximum number of cycles, energy density, and efficiency of each type of energy storage system while choosing for implementation of these technologies. SHS and LHS have the lowest energy storage capacities, while PHES has the largest.
They also intend to effect the potential advancements in storage of energy by advancing energy sources. Renewable energy integration and decarbonization of world energy systems are made possible by the use of energy storage technologies.
The development of advanced materials and systems for thermal energy storage is crucial for integrating renewable energy sources into the grid, as highlighted by the U.S. Department of Energy's Thermal Energy Storage Technology Strategy Assessment.
To meet these gaps and maintain a balance between electricity production and demand, energy storage systems (ESSs) are considered to be the most practical and efficient solutions. ESSs are designed to convert and store electrical energy from various sales and recovery needs [, , ].