This paper presents the application of spectrogram in battery signal analysis for Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd). This paper focuses on the analysis of Ni-Cd battery with nominal battery voltage of 6 and 12V with the storage capacity from 5 to 50Ah, respectively.
... Nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) technology is in use for a long time in applications that require a long battery life and in difficult environmental conditions because this battery technology is cheap and robust.
Batteries using nickel negative electrodes are commonly called nickel-based batteries or simply nickel batteries. The first commercial battery system based on nickel electrode was nickel–cadmium, invented in 1899. The nickelcadmium
NiCd cells are much more dense then NiMH, so if you have two cells of the same size (e.g. AA), it's easy to determine by "hefting". However, with a sealed battery, this may not be so obvious.
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. With respect to aeronautical applications, the state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) of rechargeable nickel–cadmium batteries was investigated with the help of the frequency-dependent reactance Im Z (ω) and the pseudo-capacitance C (ω) in the frequency range between 1 kHz and 0.1 Hz.
Since most nickelcadmium batteries are sealed, a special design approach was needed to control the overcharge and to prevent any damage to battery. The solution was found through the use of oversized negative electrode (Fig. 4.2). At the end of the charging process, oxygen is evolved on the positive electrode and hydrogen on the negative.