Effective spectral utilization can be achieved by using a variety of methods, such as multiple junctions, intermediate band gaps, quantum dot spectral converters, luminescent down-shifting (LDS) layers, and up-conversion materials. Solar cell efficiency could be considerably increased by improving spectrum utilization.
The investigation of the influencing operational parameters as well as optimization of the solar energy system is the key factors to enhance the power conversion efficiency. The different optimization methods in solar energy applications have been utilized to improve performance efficiency.
The performance and efficiency of solar PV vary according to types of cells. The mono-crystalline solar cells feature high energy efficiency, but it has a complex manufacturing process. The multi-crystalline solar cells are cost-effective but suffer from low efficiency in comparison to mono-crystalline solar cells.
Zhang and Toudert (2018) summarized many approaches that were used to improve the performance of solar cells including optical management. These approaches may be listed as follows. Use of antireflective coatings at the cell’s glass interface. Tuning of the cell’s vertical configuration.
Utilizing the complete solar spectrum effectively to increase cell efficiency is known as spectrum utilization in solar cells. The goal of this technique is to match the semiconductor material's absorption characteristics with the diverse solar spectrum, which includes wavelengths from ultraviolet (UV) through infrared (IR).
The amount of solar radiation energy reflected by the device can have a substantial influence on this loss, which affects the efficiency of the solar cell as a whole.