In reverse case the faster you want to rise current in an inductor, the higher voltage you need. The proportionality factor is called inductance. 1 volt causes current rising speed 1A/one second if the inductance is 1 henry. When you turn off what makes a capacitor to store energy in a field, you must short circuit the voltage.
This chapter explores the response of capacitors and inductors sudden changes in DC voltage (called a transient voltage), when wired in series with a resistor. Unlike resistors, which respond instantaneously to applied voltage, capacitors and inductors react over time as they absorb and release energy. 1. Capacitor transient response
The capacitor generates as high current as is needed to retain a gradually decaying voltage. In reverse case the faster you want to rise the voltage in a capacitor, the higher current you need. The proportionality factor is called capacitance.
Because capacitors store energy in the form of an electric field, they tend to act like small secondary-cell batteries, being able to store and release electrical energy. A fully discharged capacitor maintains zero volts across its terminals, and a charged capacitor maintains a steady quantity of voltage across its terminals, just like a battery.
Over time, the capacitor’s terminal voltage rises to meet the applied voltage from the source, and the current through the capacitor decreases correspondingly. Once the capacitor has reached the full voltage of the source, it will stop drawing current from it, and behave essentially as an open-circuit.
Capacitors act somewhat like secondary-cell batteries when faced with a sudden change in applied voltage: they initially react by producing a high current which tapers off over time. A fully discharged capacitor initially acts as a short circuit (current with no voltage drop) when faced with the sudden application of voltage.