With the increasing application of the lithium-ion battery, higher requirements are put forward for battery thermal management systems. Compared with other cooling methods, liquid cooling is an efficient cooling method, which can control the maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference of the battery within an acceptable range.
Liquid cooling, due to its high thermal conductivity, is widely used in battery thermal management systems. This paper first introduces thermal management of lithium-ion batteries and liquid-cooled BTMS.
Therefore, the current lithium-ion battery thermal management technology that combines multiple cooling systems is the main development direction. Suitable cooling methods can be selected and combined based on the advantages and disadvantages of different cooling technologies to meet the thermal management needs of different users. 1. Introduction
Recently, the direct liquid-cooling technology for battery thermal management has received significant attention. The heat generated from the battery is absorbed directly by sensible (single-phase) cooling or latent heat (two-phase) cooling of the liquid with no thermal contact resistance.
Four cooling strategies are compared: natural cooling, forced convection, mineral oil, and SF33. The mechanism of boiling heat transfer during battery discharge is discussed. The thermal management of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has become a critical topic in the energy storage and automotive industries.
Liu et al. suggest that immersion cooling may be a better option for future battery thermal management. In summary, the battery thermal management based on direct liquid cooling has great research significance. The research on direct cooling is introduced below. 3.2.1. Coolant A typical coolant used for direct cooling is oil.