Hydrogen can store energy for long periods by the use of different hydrogen storage modes , . Mechanical storage can be flywheel energy storage (FES), pumped hydro energy storage (PHES) or compressed air energy storage (CAES) .
For Hydrogen Energy Storage (HES), generally the hydrogen system consists of an electrolyzer, a pressurized gas tank and fuel cells (FC). The electrolyzer converts electrical energy into chemical energy in the form of hydrogen during periods of surplus electrical generation.
In the meantime the limited use of hydrogen as an energy storage medium for intermittent renewable sources such as wind energy is being explored. A schematic of a hydrogen energy storage system designed to store power from wind and solar power plants is shown in Figure 10.9. Figure 10.9.
The hydrogen energy storage system is divided into four parts, namely, the power supply module, the electrolytic cell, the compression part, and the high-pressure gas storage, as shown in Fig. 10. From Fig. 5, it can be seen that the power supply module includes a DC/DC buck converter, LC inductor, and capacitor element.
The electrolytic cell is the core of the hydrogen storage system, in which electrical energy is converted into heat and chemical water to obtain O 2 and hydrogen. The compressor is used to compress H 2 and store it in the high-pressure gas storage tank [18,19,29]. Fig. 10. Hydrogen storage system.
Chen et al. conducted an economic analysis of a renewable energy system using hydrogen produced by water electrolysis as an energy carrier to overcome the fluctuation of renewable sources. It was determined that a hydrogen-based energy storage system (ESS) is more advantageous economically than a conventional battery storage system.