By definition, a Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) is a type of energy storage solution, a collection of large batteries within a container, that can store and discharge electrical energy upon request.
Individual batteries form the core of the BESS system, storing electrical energy through electrochemical reactions. These batteries are typically made up of lithium-ion cells due to their high energy density and long lifespan. Cells are grouped together into modules to achieve the desired energy capacity and power output.
The battery energy storage system's (BESS) essential function is to capture the energy from different sources and store it in rechargeable batteries for later use. Often combined with renewable energy sources to accumulate the renewable energy during an off-peak time and then use the energy when needed at peak time.
Certain BESS batteries may contain toxic or hazardous materials, posing significant environmental and health risks if not managed or disposed of correctly. This highlights the need for stringent disposal and recycling protocols to mitigate potential negative environmental and public health impacts. 5. Energy Conversion Losses
A crucial component of the BESS operation is its Energy Management System (EMS), which intelligently controls the charging and discharging of the batteries. Wattstor’s unique Podium EMS, for example, allows for day-ahead forecasting of price, generation, load and battery state of charge.
The variety of BESS includes lithium-ion, lead-acid, and flow batteries, each offering distinct advantages depending on usage requirements. Lithium-ion batteries, for example, are known for their high energy density and efficiency, making them ideal for both residential and commercial applications.