These coatings, applied uniformly to critical battery components such as the anode, cathode, and separator, can potentially address many challenges and limitations associated with lithium-ion batteries.
One of the key components of a lithium-ion battery is separator film. It can help to prevent short-circuiting and stop thermal runaways with its special thermal shutdown properties, all while still facilitating the flow of charged ions. The safety and efficiency of separator film can be improved by coating it with materials such as ceramic.
Conformal coatings are crucial in enhancing the performance and longevity of solid-state lithium-ion batteries [48, 49, 50]. Solid-state lithium-ion batteries replace the conventional liquid electrolyte with a solid electrolyte, resulting in a safer and more stable energy storage system.
The chemical and thermal resistance offered by the coating material also plays a vital role in its selection. The material must resist chemicals like electrolytes, solvents, and battery components. It must also provide resistance against corrosion due to the environment and battery chemicals.
Developing sustainable coating materials and eco-friendly fabrication processes also aligns with the broader goal of minimizing the carbon footprint associated with battery production and disposal. As the demand for lithium-ion batteries continues to rise, a delicate balance must be struck between efficiency and sustainability.
Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy explains how a Lithium-ion battery works: “A battery is made up of an anode, cathode, separator, electrolyte, and two current collectors (positive and negative). The anode and cathode store the lithium.