This review summarizes the progress of these different classes of ceramic dielectrics for energy storage applications, including their mechanisms and strategies for enhancing the energy storage performance, as well as an outlook on future trends and prospects of lead-free ceramics for advanced pulsed power systems applications.
In this review, we present a summary of the current status and development of ceramic-based dielectric capacitors for energy storage applications, including solid solution ceramics, glass-ceramics, ceramic films, and ceramic multilayers.
Meanwhile, ceramic-based dielectric materials are popular research topics due to their application in energy storage, adaptability to various environments, fundamentality, and other factors. Therefore, the topic of dielectrics will be discussed further in this review.
Dielectric materials, including organic (polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), polyimide (PI), etc.), and inorganic (ceramics, glass, and glass-based ceramics) materials, have been widely investigated to improve the energy storage performance [9, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20].
In practical applications, ceramic dielectrics are often stacked into multilayer structures with metal electrodes. After fabrication into MLCC, the breakdown strength and energy storage performance can be significantly enhanced.
As a result, the ceramics exhibited superior energy storage properties with Wrec of 3.41 J cm −3 and η of 85.1%, along with outstanding thermal stability.