Cost is a critical factor in the selection of battery technologies. Initially, lead-acid batteries have a lower upfront cost compared to lithium batteries. However, when considering the total cost of ownership, including factors like cycle life and maintenance, lithium batteries often offer better value over the long term.
On average, Li-ion batteries have an energy density of 150-200 Wh/kg, whereas lead-acid batteries typically range between 30-50 Wh/kg. This higher energy density gives lithium batteries a clear advantage in terms of providing more power in a smaller and lighter package.
Lead-acid Batteries: For Lead-acid batteries, lead is the main ingredient. Mining and processing lead can pollute the air and water if not done carefully. Thankfully, the industry is working on cleaner ways to make these batteries and following stricter rules to protect the environment.
Lead-acid batteries remain an essential component in the battery industry. Despite not matching the energy capacity of newer batteries, their reliability, low cost, and high current delivery make Lead-acid batteries invaluable for certain uses.
Lead-acid batteries are generally less expensive upfront compared to lithium-ion batteries. For example, a typical lead-acid battery might cost around $100-$200 per kilowatt-hour (kWh) capacity. In contrast, a lithium-ion battery could range from $300 to $500 per kWh. Battery Capacity:
Disadvantages: Heavy and bulky: Lead acid batteries are heavy and take up significant space, which can be a limitation in specific applications. Limited energy density: They have a lower energy density than lithium-ion batteries, resulting in a lower capacity and shorter runtime.