Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) shrewdly combine a lithium-ion battery negative electrode capable of reversibly intercalating lithium cations, namely graphite, together with an electrical double-layer positive electrode, namely activated carbon.
Nature Materials 17, 167–173 (2018) Cite this article Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) shrewdly combine a lithium-ion battery negative electrode capable of reversibly intercalating lithium cations, namely graphite, together with an electrical double-layer positive electrode, namely activated carbon.
C 117, 11471–11478 (2013). Lim, Y-G. et al. Anti-fluorite Li6CoO4 as an alternative lithium source for lithium ion capacitors: an experimental and first principles study. J.
P.J., O.C., F.B. and T.B. conceived and designed the lithium-ion capacitor. P.P. selected the sacrificial lithiated organic salt. E.D., P.P. and P.J. were involved in its synthesis and related characterizations. P.J. performed the electrochemical experiments under F.B.’s guidance.
Our research uncovers a unique approach based on the use of a lithiated organic material, namely 3,4-dihydroxybenzonitrile dilithium salt. This compound can irreversibly provide lithium cations to the graphite electrode during an initial operando charging step without any negative effects with respect to further operation of the LIC.
A standard lithium-ion battery electrolyte is used, for example, 1 mol l −1 LiPF 6 in 1:1 vol. ratio of ethylene carbonate to diethylene carbonate (EC:DEC). Secondly, the cell consisting of the negative intercalated graphite electrode and positive activated carbon electrode is cycled on the subsequent charge/discharge cycles.