The basic schematic diagram of a solar power plant is shown in Fig. 1. and described briefly as follows: The PV module, consisting of PV cells, converts the solar radiation in to DC electricity which again will be converted in to AC by inverters.
For a better understanding of a solar power plant’s electrical system, a single-line diagram (SLD) is a crucial tool. With the use of symbols and labels, it condenses complicated systems into a single, simple-to-read line. SLDs provide efficient design, troubleshooting, and upkeep of solar projects for engineers and operators.
In summary, the components of a solar power plant, including solar panels, inverters, racking systems, battery storage systems, charge controllers, interconnection equipment, and metering and monitoring systems, work together to harness sunlight, convert it into electricity, and ensure its safe and efficient usage.
China’s total PV power station area in 2020 was estimated as 2635.64 km 2. China’s PV power generation in 2020 was calculated to be 238.65 TWh. This power amount is equivalent to reducing carbon emissions by 149.63 million tons. Evaluation results favor Sustainable Development Goals and carbon neutrality.
The schematic diagram also includes other vital components such as inverters, charge controllers, and batteries. Inverters convert the DC electricity generated by the solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity, which is compatible with the electrical grid.
As shown in Fig. 10 (c), the distribution density of China's PV power stations in 2020 is 273.07 km 2 / 10 6 km 2, with a high distribution density in Ningxia, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Shandong and Hebei (3001.11, 1555.45, 1167.11, 982.49, and 927.74 km 2 / 10 6 km 2, respectively).