Moreover, a lithium-ion battery pack must not be overcharged, therefore requires monitoring during charging and necessitates a controller to perform efficient charging protocols [13, 23, 32, 143 - 147].
The excess solar generation during midday hours can be used for EV charging, and the storage capability of the EVs can be a solution to overcome the “duck curve” problem, as well as an EV battery can stabilize the intermittent nature of RESs in Turkey.
ICEV fueling costs more than six times of EV fueling in Turkey. In this respect, high gasoline prices along with low electricity prices become a reason for Turkey to facilitate its EV transition. Fig. 10. The ratio of cost of ICEV fueling to cost of EV charging for equal driving range in G20 countries. Fig. 11.
The total charging time in the CC-CV charging method varies depending on the battery capacity and the value of the charging current in the CC mode. Generally, the battery life and charging efficiency increase as the charging current decreases under the CC mode.
The change in average lithium-ion battery pack prices in the last decade is given in Fig. 7 . While the average battery pack price was 1182.9 USD/kWh in 2010, it decreased to 156 USD/kWh in 2019. In the EV market, the average specific energy of EV battery cells is 240–300 Wh kg −1 .
This article will explore the intricate workings of the charging and discharging processes that drive the electric revolution. Power Connection: To begin the charging process, the electric vehicle is linked to a power source, usually a charging pile or a charging station.