1.1. Literature review Energy storage systems are effectively integrated into various levels of power systems, such as power generation, transmission/distribution, and residential levels, in order to facilitate capacity sharing and time-based energy transfer. This integration promotes the consumption of renewable energy .
They also intend to effect the potential advancements in storage of energy by advancing energy sources. Renewable energy integration and decarbonization of world energy systems are made possible by the use of energy storage technologies.
Dispatchable generation (natural gas, pumped hydro plants), improvements in grid efficiency to remove bottlenecks and demand-side management all come at play to mitigate the effects of fluctuating electricity generation, but another powerful tool is gaining more and more ground as far as future power grids are concerned: energy storage (ES).
As fossil fuel generation is progressively replaced with intermittent and less predictable renewable energy generation to decarbonize the power system, Electrical energy storage (EES) technologies are increasingly required to address the supply-demand balance challenge over a wide range of timescales.
The graph shows that pumped hydroelectric storage exceeds other storage systems in terms of energy and power density. This demonstrates its potential as a strong and efficient solution for storing an excess renewable energy, allowing for a consistent supply of clean electricity to meet grid demands.
Energy storage systems are integrated into RES-based power systems as backup units to achieve various benefits, such as peak shaving, price arbitrage, and frequency regulation.