However, the stability is quite far behind the commercial silicone-based PV. Humidity, electrical bias, high temperature, and ultraviolet light are the determining stressors in the degradation of perovskite solar cells. This review provides the current advancement (2022 to July 31 st, 2024) to the stability problem in perovskite solar cells.
This review provides an extensive summary of degradation mechanisms occurring in perovskite solar cells and modules. In particular, instabilities triggered by the presence and generation of mobile ions in the perovskite absorber and/or by extrinsic stress factors are discussed in detail.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative Perovskite solar cells have demonstrated the efficiencies needed for technoeconomic competitiveness.
Yang and co-workers reported a solution-processed lead halide perovskite solar cell with a maximum value of 16.1% based on p-type NiO x and n-type ZnO nanoparticles as HTL and ETL, respectively. 103 The device showed improved stability against water and oxygen degradation when comparing with the devices with organic charge transport layers.
The 2D hybrid/halide perovskite exhibited remarkable performance with a specific capacity of 630 mAhg −1 at 100 mAg −1 after 140 cycles, while the Cs 2 CuBr 4 -based 3D perovskite displayed a reversible capacity of 420 mAhg −1 at 100 mAg −1 and 334 mAhg −1 at a current density of 500 mAg −1, with impressive cycling stability for up to 1400 cycles.
For the perovskite layer, ions selection, doping, and crystal structure are promising to improve the perovskite layer stability. For example, FA/MAPbI x Br 3−x perovskite material is more appropriate for the high stability of 3D perovskite layer.