Herein, we propose quasi-solid-state anode-free batteries containing lithium sulfide-based cathodes and non-flammable polymeric gel electrolytes. Such batteries exhibit an energy density of 1323 Wh L −1 at the pouch cell level.
The quasi-solid-state electrolyte with low-cost and simple production is valuable for large-scale applications of Al–air batteries and provides a new strategy for other similar battery systems.
Expectations for solid-state batteries from the automotive and aviation sectors are high, but their implementation in industrial production remains challenging. Here, we report a solid-state lithium–metal battery enabled by a polymer electrolyte consisting of a poly (DMADAFSI) cationic polymer and LiFSI in Pyr 13 FSI as plasticizer.
Accordingly, the batteries with quasi-solid-state electrolytes exhibit excellent energy density (Figure 4b ), especially, the battery with 1:1 electrolyte can deliver an energy density of 4.56 KWh kg −1, highest among all the reported references (Figure 4c; Table S4, Supporting Information).
Meng, X. et al. A quasi-solid-state rechargeable cell with high energy and superior safety enabled by stable redox chemistry of Li 2 S in gel electrolyte. Energy Environ.
Although battery polarization increases at high current density (15 mA cm −2) with quasi-solid-state electrolytes, the operating voltages still reach ≈1.4 V (Figure S16, Supporting Information), indicating that the quasi-solid-state electrolyte can meet the high power density requirements of devices.