The researchers first found that the physical potential of solar PV, which includes how many solar panels can be installed and how much solar energy they can generate, in China reached 99.2 petawatt-hours in 2020.
Technicians check solar panels in Zhoushan, Zhejiang province. [Photo by YAO FENG/FOR CHINA DAILY] A report by the International Energy Agency, or IEA, on the future of renewable energy production has pinpointed China, and in particular its solar power capabilities, as leading the way for the world in the years to come.
BEIJING – China unleashed the full might of its solar energy industry in 2023. It installed more solar panels than the United States has in its history. It cut the wholesale price of panels it sells by nearly half. And its exports of fully assembled solar panels climbed 38 per cent, while its exports of key components almost doubled.
Solar panels typically must generate electricity for at least seven months to recoup the electricity needed to make them. Coal provides two-thirds of China’s electricity at low cost. But Chinese companies are reducing costs further by installing solar farms in the deserts of western China, where public land is essentially free.
According to our results, approximately 78.6 % and 99.9 % of China's technical solar PV potential are priced lower than the benchmark price of coal-fired energy in pessimistic and optimistic scenario.
China has already made major commitments to transitioning its energy systems towards renewables, especially power generation from solar, wind and hydro sources. However, there are many unknowns about the future of solar energy in China, including its cost, technical feasibility and grid compatibility in the coming decades.