Capacity: The entire energy in a battery is measured here, and it is usually expressed in ampere-hours (Ah). It provides information on how much charge the battery can deliver at a particular discharge rate. Energy Density and Power Density: The quantity of energy stored per unit of mass or volume is measured by the energy density (Wh/kg or Wh/L).
The milliampere-hour (mAh), where 1 Ah = 1000 mAh, is a more useful measurement that is occasionally used, particularly for tiny batteries. The energy capacity is calculated in watt-hours (Wh) by multiplying the capacity (Ah) by the average voltage (V) during discharge. The capacity of a battery is affected by numerous factors:
Specific Power = Rated Peak Power Battery Mass in Kg P = 2V2oc 9r This is the nominal battery energy per unit volume, sometimes referred to as the volumetric energy density. Specific energy is a characteristic of the battery chemistry and packaging.
The term "capacity," which is used to refer to a battery's ability to hold and distribute electrical charge, is indicated by the letter "C". It is a key variable that determines how much power a battery can deliver. The ampere-hour (Ah), which measures how much electric current a battery can produce for an hour, is the common unit of capacity.
Capacity is calculated by multiplying the discharge current (in Amps) by the discharge time (in hours) and decreases with increasing C-rate. SOC is defined as the remaining capacity of a battery and it is affected by its operating conditions such as load current and temperature. It is calculated as: SOC = Remaining Capacity Rated Capacity
Energy or Nominal Energy (Wh for a specific C rate) This is the “energy capacity” of the battery, the total Watt-hours available when the battery is discharged at a certain discharge current (specified as a C-rate) from 100 percent state-of-charge to the cut-off voltage.