Based on this model, the effects of the electrode design parameters (electrode thickness, volume fraction of active material and particle size) on the battery performance (electrochemical characteristics, thermal behavior, energy density and power density) were initially investigated.
Developing non-flammable electrolytes remains a key aspect in enhancing battery safety. Common mechanisms of flame retardants include reducing OH radicals, lowering combustion energy, and diluting the oxygen concentration in the gas phase. Phosphate compounds remain the primary materials used as flame retardant additives.
In the first place, the effects of carbon materials as electrodes on battery safety performance and electrochemical properties were summarized. Subsequently, the roles of each component during TR and the process were introduced, the importance of carbon materials was highlighted.
In order to ensure the safety performance of the power battery, the carbon-based electrode material should have a high structural and thermal stability. In the process of high temperature or repeated charging, the collapse of electrode material structure would cause that of the battery [ 234 ].
Subsequently, the prepared negative electrode composite was quantified to achieve a loading level of 1.8 mg cm −2 and spread on top of the electrolyte, followed by compression at 430 MPa for 2 min. Lithium metal with a thickness of 500 µm was then attached to the opposite side of the electrolyte and pressed at 50 MPa.
As the negative electrode material of SIBs, the material has a long period of stability and a specific capacity of 673 mAh g −1 when the current density is 100 mAh g −1.