Around 0.75 Mt LCE is accounted for by carbonate demand and 1.25 Mt LCE by hydroxide demand for a total of 2 Mt LCE demand in 2030. This outcome depends on EV growth and battery technology assumptions, as high nickel cathode batteries require lithium hydroxide while lithium iron phosphate batteries require lithium carbonate.
Lithium carbonate is the most popular compound on account of the huge demand for the product for the production of ceramics and glasses, battery cathodes and solid-state carbon dioxide detectors.
The modern lithium-ion battery (LIB) configuration was enabled by the “magic chemistry” between ethylene carbonate (EC) and graphitic carbon anode. Despite the constant changes of cathode chemistries with improved energy densities, EC-graphite combination remained static during the last three decades.
Lee, J. et al. Molecularly engineered linear organic carbonates as practically viable nonflammable electrolytes for safe Li-ion batteries. Energy Environ. Sci. 16, 2924–2933 (2023). Yan, C. et al. Lithium nitrate solvation chemistry in carbonate electrolyte sustains high-voltage lithium metal batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 57, 14055–14059 (2018).
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in various aspects of human life and production due to their safety, convenience, and low cost, especially in the field of electric vehicles (EVs). Currently, the number of LIBs worldwide is growing exponentially, which also leads to an increase in discarded LIBs.
Introduced new discoveries of cathode and anode materials in catalysts and other fields. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in various aspects of human life and production due to their safety, convenience, and low cost, especially in the field of electric vehicles (EVs).