Thus, many countries have established new requirements for grid integration of solar photovoltaics to address the issues in stability and security of the power grid. In this paper, a comprehensive study of the recent international grid codes requirement concerning the penetration of PVPPs into electrical grids is provided.
Connecting solar power directly to National Grid's transmission network marks a significant step in the renewable energy transition, allowing clean energy to be transported over greater distances and opening a gateway for larger projects to connect to the grid.
In addition to large utility-scale plants, modern grids also involve variable energy sources like solar and wind, energy storage systems, power electronic devices like inverters, and small-scale energy generation systems like rooftop installations and microgrids.
In order for homes and businesses to use cleaner, greener energy, more renewables – such as solar power and wind power – will need to be connected to the electricity grid.
Grid-connected PV inverters have traditionally been thought as active power sources with an emphasis on maximizing power extraction from the PV modules. While maximizing power transfer remains a top priority, utility grid stability is now widely acknowledged to benefit from several auxiliary services that grid-connected PV inverters may offer.
However, systems like rooftop solar now require the grid to handle two-way electricity flow, as these systems can inject the excess power that they generate back into the grid. Increased solar and DER on the electrical grid means integrating more power electronic devices, which convert energy from one form to another.