Among various energy storage technologies, phase change material (PCM)-based thermal energy storage has been extensively studied. PCM has the advantages of large latent heat and nearly constant phase-change temperature, thereby improving solar energy utilization .
With large latent heat and nearly constant phase change temperature, phase change material (PCM) is an ideal energy storage material, but it suffers from severe leakage problems in applications. With large specific surface area, low cost, and easy availability, minerals have been widely used to encapsulate PCM to address its leakage issue.
Thermal energy storage with phase change materials (PCMs) offers a high thermal storage density with a moderate temperature variation 1 and has acquired growing attention due to its important role in solar thermal application 2, 3, 4, 5, indoor thermal management and humidity control 6, 7 and demand-side management 8.
Organic phase change materials (O-PCMs) such as alkanes, fatty acids, and polyols have recently attracted enormous attention for thermal energy storage (TES) due to availability in a wide range of temperatures and high latent heat values.
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