Contributing to voltage instability, shunt capacitor banks have an unstable falling output as voltage sags. Applying shunt compensation involves many considerations. There are many options both for mechanically switched devices and power electronic based devices. Synchronous condensers are also an option.
It is observed that as the size of the compensation capacitor is increased, the low-frequency pole location ω1 decreases in frequency, and the high-frequency pole ω2 increases in frequency. The poles appear to “split” in frequency.
In addition, a better understanding of the internals of the op amp is achieved. The minor-loop feedback path created by the compensation capacitor (or the compensation network) allows the frequency response of the op-amp transfer function to be easily shaped.
Note that compensation capacitor Cc can be treated open at low frequency. It should be noted again that the hand calculation using the approximate equations above is of only moderate accuracy, especially the output resistance calculation on rds. Therefore, later they should be verified by simulation by SPICE/SPECTRE.
The internally Compensating Network in Op Amp use a metal oxide capacitor built within the IC. The circuit configuration is given in Fig. 35.3. Although this works well, internal compensation does not allow us any control over the op-amp frequency response. The 301 and 709 op-amps have no internal frequency compensation capacitor.
Objective of compensation is to achieve stable operation when negative feedback is applied around the op amp. Miller - Use of a capacitor feeding back around a high-gain, inverting stage. Miller capacitor only Miller capacitor with an unity-gain buffer to block the forward path through the compensation capacitor. Can eliminate the RHP zero.