Additionally, the integration of an energy storage system has been identified as an effective solution for improving the reliability of shipboard power systems, pointing out the important role of energy storage systems in maritime microgrids and their potential to enhance the energy management process.
Due to the ramp rate constraints of generators, energy storages (ES) must be included in the power system to supplement what the generators cannot provide. While the types of loads on a naval ship are changing, the architecture of the power system must evolve as well.
A hybrid energy storage system can effectively control power fluctuations, leading to improved power quality and a limit on the maximum rate of charge for active power. Therefore, HESS can be a superior alternative to a single ESS system.
This paper presents a comprehensive review of such strategies and methods recently presented in the literature associated with energy management in shipboard microgrids integrating energy storage systems and examine the different techniques that can be utilized to achieve optimal system performance.
The paper addresses energy management a crucial control layer for US Navy ship power systems and the goal of increased autonomy. The results in the paper are validated against a notional 4-zone MVDC ship system model via controller hardware in the loop.
Recent research has demonstrated the significance of employing energy management systems and hybrid energy storage systems as effective approaches to mitigate the environmental impact of ship operations. Thus, further research could be carried out to explore how hybrid ESS can be optimized in terms of their size, lifetime and cost.